This source is designed to model the effect of solidification and melting processes, e.g. windshield defrosting. More...

Inheritance diagram for solidificationMelting:

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Collaboration diagram for solidificationMelting:

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Public Types
enum class	thermoMode { thermo , lookup }

Public Member Functions
	TypeName ("solidificationMelting")
	Runtime type information. More...

	solidificationMelting (const word &name, const word &modelType, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from explicit source name and mesh. More...

	solidificationMelting (const solidificationMelting &)=delete
	Disallow default bitwise copy construction. More...

virtual wordList	addSupFields () const
	Return the list of fields for which the fvModel adds source term. More...

virtual void	addSup (const volScalarField &he, fvMatrix< scalar > &eqn) const
	Add explicit contribution to enthalpy equation. More...

virtual void	addSup (const volVectorField &U, fvMatrix< vector > &eqn) const
	Add implicit contribution to momentum equation. More...

virtual void	addSup (const volScalarField &rho, const volScalarField &he, fvMatrix< scalar > &eqn) const
	Add explicit contribution to compressible enthalpy equation. More...

virtual void	addSup (const volScalarField &rho, const volVectorField &U, fvMatrix< vector > &eqn) const
	Add implicit contribution to compressible momentum equation. More...

virtual bool	movePoints ()
	Update for mesh motion. More...

virtual void	topoChange (const polyTopoChangeMap &)
	Update topology using the given map. More...

virtual void	mapMesh (const polyMeshMap &)
	Update from another mesh using the given map. More...

virtual void	distribute (const polyDistributionMap &)
	Redistribute or update using the given distribution map. More...

virtual bool	read (const dictionary &dict)
	Read source dictionary. More...

void	operator= (const solidificationMelting &)=delete
	Disallow default bitwise assignment. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from fvModel
	TypeName ("fvModel")
	Runtime type information. More...

	declareRunTimeSelectionTable (autoPtr, fvModel, dictionary,(const word &name, const word &modelType, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict),(name, modelType, mesh, dict))

	fvModel (const word &name, const word &modelType, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
	Construct from components. More...

autoPtr< fvModel >	clone () const
	Return clone. More...

virtual	~fvModel ()
	Destructor. More...

const word &	name () const
	Return const access to the source name. More...

const fvMesh &	mesh () const
	Return const access to the mesh database. More...

const dictionary &	coeffs () const
	Return dictionary. More...

virtual bool	addsSupToField (const word &fieldName) const
	Return true if the fvModel adds a source term to the given. More...

virtual scalar	maxDeltaT () const
	Return the maximum time-step for stable operation. More...

virtual void	addSup (fvMatrix< scalar > &eqn) const
	Add a source term to a field-less proxy equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const
	Add a source term to an equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for an equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const
	Return source for an equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for a compressible equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const
	Return source for a compressible equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for a phase equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const volScalarField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const
	Return source for a phase equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &alpha, const geometricOneField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for a phase equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const geometricOneField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for a phase equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const geometricOneField &alpha, const geometricOneField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for a phase equation. More...

template<class Type >
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	d2dt2 (const VolField< Type > &field) const
	Return source for an equation with a second time derivative. More...

virtual void	preUpdateMesh ()
	Prepare for mesh update. More...

virtual void	correct ()
	Correct the fvModel. More...

virtual bool	write (const bool write=true) const
	Write fvModel data. More...

template<class AlphaRhoFieldType , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
Foam::dimensionSet	sourceDims (const dimensionSet &ds, const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields)

template<class AlphaRhoFieldType , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
const Foam::word &	fieldName (const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields)

template<class AlphaRhoFieldType >
const Foam::word &	fieldName (const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField)

template<class Type , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceTerm (const VolField< Type > &eqnField, const dimensionSet &ds, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceProxy (const volScalarField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, const VolField< Type > &eqnField) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const geometricOneField &alpha, const geometricOneField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const volScalarField &alpha, const geometricOneField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	source (const geometricOneField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field) const

template<class Type >
Foam::tmp< Foam::fvMatrix< Type > >	d2dt2 (const VolField< Type > &field) const

Static Public Attributes
static const NamedEnum< thermoMode, 2 >	thermoModeTypeNames_

Additional Inherited Members
Static Public Member Functions inherited from fvModel
template<class AlphaRhoFieldType , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
static dimensionSet	sourceDims (const dimensionSet &ds, const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields)
	Return the dimensions of the matrix of a source term. More...

static const dimensionSet &	sourceDims (const dimensionSet &ds)
	Return the dimensions of the matrix of a source term (base. More...

template<class AlphaRhoFieldType , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
static const word &	fieldName (const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields)
	Return the name of the field associated with a source term. More...

template<class AlphaRhoFieldType >
static const word &	fieldName (const AlphaRhoFieldType &alphaRhoField)
	Return the name of the field associated with a source term (base. More...

static const word &	fieldName ()
	Return the name of the field associated with a source term. Special. More...

static autoPtr< fvModel >	New (const word &name, const fvMesh &mesh, const dictionary &dict)
	Return a reference to the selected fvModel. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from fvModel
template<class Type >
void	addSupType (const VolField< Type > &field, fvMatrix< Type > &eqn) const
	Add a source term to an equation. More...

template<class Type >
void	addSupType (const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, fvMatrix< Type > &eqn) const
	Add a source term to a compressible equation. More...

template<class Type >
void	addSupType (const volScalarField &alpha, const volScalarField &rho, const VolField< Type > &field, fvMatrix< Type > &eqn) const
	Add a source term to a phase equation. More...

template<class Type , class ... AlphaRhoFieldTypes>
tmp< fvMatrix< Type > >	sourceTerm (const VolField< Type > &eqnField, const dimensionSet &ds, const AlphaRhoFieldTypes &... alphaRhoFields) const
	Return a source for an equation. More...

Detailed Description

This source is designed to model the effect of solidification and melting processes, e.g. windshield defrosting.

The isotherm phase change occurs at the melting temperature, Tsol (= Tliq). The not isotherm phase change occurs between solidus and liquidus temperature, Tsol < Tliq respectively, as long as the melt fraction is greater than the max eutectic melt fraction, alpha1e (0 = pure_substance, 1 = eutectic_mixture is not permitted), where a linear eutectic melt fraction to temperature relation is considered; e.g. given a specific quantity of a binary system, alpha1 is its melt fraction and alpha0 is its solid fraction, such that alpha0 = 1 - alpha1 therefore, assuming infinite solute diffusion, the quantity of a component in solid phase is (1 - alpha1) * CS where CS is the solid concentration of the considered component and the quantity of a component in liquid phase is alpha1 * CL where CL is the melt concentration of the considered component; considering that the total quantity of a component must be equal to the sum of the quantities of the considered component in the liquid and solid phases, if C0 is the initial concentration of the considered component before the phase change, then: C0 = (1 - alpha1) * CS + alpha1 * CL (lever rule) from which: alpha1 = (C0 - CS) / (CL - CS) and thus:

for a miscible binary system alpha1e = 0;
for a binary system not miscible at solid state alpha1e = C0 / CLE where CLE is eutectic melt concentration;
for a binary system partially-miscible at solid state alpha1e = (C0 - CSE) / (CLE - CSE) where CSE is eutectic solid concentration of the relative solid solution.

The presence of the solid phase in the flow field is incorporated into the model as a momentum porosity contribution; the energy associated with the phase change is added as an enthalpy contribution.

References:

    Voller, V. R., & Prakash, C. (1987).
    A fixed grid numerical modelling methodology for convection-diffusion
    mushy region phase-change problems.
    International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 30(8), 1709-1719.

    Swaminathan, C. R., & Voller, V. R. (1992).
    A general enthalpy method for modeling solidification processes.
    Metallurgical transactions B, 23(5), 651-664.

The model generates the field <name>:alpha1 which can be visualised to to show the melt distribution as a fraction [0-1].

Usage

Example usage:

solidificationMelting1
{
    type            solidificationMelting;

    select          cellZone;
    cellZone        iceZone;

    Tsol            273;
    L               334000;
    thermoMode      thermo;
    beta            50e-6;
    rhoRef          800;
}

Where:

Property	Description	Required	Default value
`Tsol`	Solidus temperature [K]	yes
`Tliq`	Liquidus temperature [K]	no	Tsol
`alpha1e`	Max eutectic melt fraction [0-1[	no	0
`L`	Latent heat of fusion [J/kg]	yes
`relax`	Relaxation coefficient [0-1]	no	0.9
`thermoMode`	Thermo mode [thermo or lookup]	yes
`rhoRef`	Reference (solid) density [kg/m^3]	yes
`rho`	Name of density field	no	rho
`T`	Name of temperature field	no	T
`Cp`	Name of specific heat field	no	Cp
`U`	Name of velocity field	no	U
`phi`	Name of flux field	no	phi
`Cu`	Model coefficient [1/s]	no	100000
`q`	Model coefficient	no	0.001
`beta`	Thermal expansion coefficient [1/K]	yes
`g`	Acceleration due to gravity	no

Source files

Definition at line 224 of file solidificationMelting.H.

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ thermoMode

enum thermoMode

strong

Enumerator
thermo
lookup

Definition at line 230 of file solidificationMelting.H.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ solidificationMelting() [1/2]

solidificationMelting	(	const word &	name,
		const word &	modelType,
		const fvMesh &	mesh,
		const dictionary &	dict
	)

Construct from explicit source name and mesh.

Definition at line 250 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ solidificationMelting() [2/2]

solidificationMelting ( const solidificationMelting & )

delete

Disallow default bitwise copy construction.

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

TypeName ( "solidificationMelting" )

Runtime type information.

◆ addSupFields()

Foam::wordList addSupFields ( ) const

virtual

Return the list of fields for which the fvModel adds source term.

to the transport equation

Reimplemented from fvModel.

Definition at line 297 of file solidificationMelting.C.

References Foam::name(), List< word >::null(), and thermo.

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◆ addSup() [1/4]

void addSup	(	const volScalarField &	he,
		fvMatrix< scalar > &	eqn
	)		const

virtual

Add explicit contribution to enthalpy equation.

Definition at line 318 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ addSup() [2/4]

void addSup	(	const volVectorField &	U,
		fvMatrix< vector > &	eqn
	)		const

virtual

Add implicit contribution to momentum equation.

Definition at line 339 of file solidificationMelting.C.

References cells, Cp(), lduMatrix::diag(), Foam::endl(), forAll, Foam::Info, Foam::pow3(), fvMatrix< Type >::psi(), Foam::fvm::S(), fvMatrix< Type >::source(), Foam::fvc::Sp(), Foam::sqr(), Foam::fvc::Su(), and Foam::type().

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◆ addSup() [3/4]

void addSup	(	const volScalarField &	rho,
		const volScalarField &	he,
		fvMatrix< scalar > &	eqn
	)		const

virtual

Add explicit contribution to compressible enthalpy equation.

Definition at line 328 of file solidificationMelting.C.

References rho.

◆ addSup() [4/4]

void addSup	(	const volScalarField &	rho,
		const volVectorField &	U,
		fvMatrix< vector > &	eqn
	)		const

virtual

Add implicit contribution to compressible momentum equation.

Definition at line 378 of file solidificationMelting.C.

References U.

◆ movePoints()

bool movePoints ( )

virtual

Update for mesh motion.

Implements fvModel.

Definition at line 389 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ topoChange()

void topoChange ( const polyTopoChangeMap & map )

virtual

Update topology using the given map.

Implements fvModel.

Definition at line 396 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ mapMesh()

void mapMesh ( const polyMeshMap & map )

virtual

Update from another mesh using the given map.

Implements fvModel.

Definition at line 405 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ distribute()

void distribute ( const polyDistributionMap & map )

virtual

Redistribute or update using the given distribution map.

Implements fvModel.

Definition at line 411 of file solidificationMelting.C.

◆ read()

bool read ( const dictionary & dict )

virtual

Read source dictionary.

Reimplemented from fvModel.

Definition at line 420 of file solidificationMelting.C.

References dict, and fvModel::read().

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◆ operator=()

void operator= ( const solidificationMelting & )

delete

Disallow default bitwise assignment.

Member Data Documentation

◆ thermoModeTypeNames_

const Foam::NamedEnum< Foam::fv::solidificationMelting::thermoMode, 2 > thermoModeTypeNames_

static

Definition at line 236 of file solidificationMelting.H.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

src/fvModels/general/solidificationMelting/solidificationMelting.H
src/fvModels/general/solidificationMelting/solidificationMelting.C

Public Types

Public Member Functions

Static Public Attributes

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ thermoMode

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ solidificationMelting() [1/2]

◆ solidificationMelting() [2/2]

Member Function Documentation

◆ TypeName()

◆ addSupFields()

◆ addSup() [1/4]

◆ addSup() [2/4]

◆ addSup() [3/4]

◆ addSup() [4/4]

◆ movePoints()

◆ topoChange()

◆ mapMesh()

◆ distribute()

◆ read()

◆ operator=()

Member Data Documentation

◆ thermoModeTypeNames_