ThermoParcel.C

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License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.
 
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    for more details.
 
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#include "ThermoParcel.H"
#include "NoHeatTransfer.H"
#include "physicoChemicalConstants.H"
 
using namespace Foam::constant;
 
// * * * * * * * * * * *  Protected Member Functions * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
template<class ParcelType>
template<class TrackCloudType>
void Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::setCellValues
(
    TrackCloudType& cloud,
    trackingData& td
)
{
    ParcelType::setCellValues(cloud, td);
 
    tetIndices tetIs = this->currentTetIndices(td.mesh);
 
    td.Cpc() = td.CpInterp().interpolate(this->coordinates(), tetIs);
 
    td.Tc() = td.TInterp().interpolate(this->coordinates(), tetIs);
 
    if (td.Tc() < cloud.constProps().TMin())
    {
        if (debug)
        {
            WarningInFunction
                << "Limiting observed temperature in cell " << this->cell()
                << " to " << cloud.constProps().TMin() <<  nl << endl;
        }
 
        td.Tc() = cloud.constProps().TMin();
    }
}
 
 
template<class ParcelType>
template<class TrackCloudType>
void Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::cellValueSourceCorrection
(
    TrackCloudType& cloud,
    trackingData& td,
    const scalar dt
)
{
    td.Uc() += cloud.UTransRef()[this->cell()]/this->massCell(td);
 
    const scalar CpMean = td.CpInterp().psi()[this->cell()];
    td.Tc() += cloud.hsTransRef()[this->cell()]/(CpMean*this->massCell(td));
 
    if (td.Tc() < cloud.constProps().TMin())
    {
        if (debug)
        {
            WarningInFunction
                << "Limiting observed temperature in cell " << this->cell()
                << " to " << cloud.constProps().TMin() <<  nl << endl;
        }
 
        td.Tc() = cloud.constProps().TMin();
    }
}
 
 
template<class ParcelType>
template<class TrackCloudType>
void Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::calcSurfaceValues
(
    const TrackCloudType& cloud,
    const trackingData& td,
    const scalar T,
    scalar& Ts,
    scalar& rhos,
    scalar& mus,
    scalar& Pr,
    scalar& kappas
) const
{
    // Surface temperature using two thirds rule
    Ts = (2.0*T + td.Tc())/3.0;
 
    if (Ts < cloud.constProps().TMin())
    {
        if (debug)
        {
            WarningInFunction
                << "Limiting parcel surface temperature to "
                << cloud.constProps().TMin() <<  nl << endl;
        }
 
        Ts = cloud.constProps().TMin();
    }
 
    // Assuming thermo props vary linearly with T for small d(T)
    const scalar TRatio = td.Tc()/Ts;
 
    rhos = td.rhoc()*TRatio;
 
    tetIndices tetIs = this->currentTetIndices(td.mesh);
    mus = td.muInterp().interpolate(this->coordinates(), tetIs)/TRatio;
    kappas = td.kappaInterp().interpolate(this->coordinates(), tetIs)/TRatio;
 
    Pr = td.Cpc()*mus/kappas;
    Pr = max(rootVSmall, Pr);
}
 
 
template<class ParcelType>
template<class TrackCloudType>
void Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::calc
(
    TrackCloudType& cloud,
    trackingData& td,
    const scalar dt
)
{
    // Define local properties at beginning of time step
    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    const scalar np0 = this->nParticle_;
    const scalar mass0 = this->mass();
 
    // Store T for consistent radiation source
    const scalar T0 = this->T_;
 
 
    // Calc surface values
    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    scalar Ts, rhos, mus, Pr, kappas;
    calcSurfaceValues(cloud, td, this->T_, Ts, rhos, mus, Pr, kappas);
 
    // Reynolds number
    scalar Re = this->Re(rhos, this->U_, td.Uc(), this->d_, mus);
 
 
    // Sources
    // ~~~~~~~
 
    // Explicit momentum source for particle
    vector Su = Zero;
 
    // Linearised momentum source coefficient
    scalar Spu = 0.0;
 
    // Momentum transfer from the particle to the carrier phase
    vector dUTrans = Zero;
 
    // Explicit enthalpy source for particle
    scalar Sh = 0.0;
 
    // Linearised enthalpy source coefficient
    scalar Sph = 0.0;
 
    // Sensible enthalpy transfer from the particle to the carrier phase
    scalar dhsTrans = 0.0;
 
 
    // Heat transfer
    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
    // Sum Ni*Cpi*Wi of emission species
    scalar NCpW = 0.0;
 
    // Calculate new particle temperature
    this->T_ =
        this->calcHeatTransfer
        (
            cloud,
            td,
            dt,
            Re,
            Pr,
            kappas,
            NCpW,
            Sh,
            dhsTrans,
            Sph
        );
 
    // Update the heat capacity
    static const scalarField Y(1, 1);
    Cp_ = cloud.composition().Cp(0, Y, td.pc(), T0);
 
 
    // Motion
    // ~~~~~~
 
    // Calculate new particle velocity
    this->U_ =
        this->calcVelocity(cloud, td, dt, Re, mus, mass0, Su, dUTrans, Spu);
 
 
    //  Accumulate carrier phase source terms
    // ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    if (cloud.solution().coupled())
    {
        // Update momentum transfer
        cloud.UTransRef()[this->cell()] += np0*dUTrans;
 
        // Update momentum transfer coefficient
        cloud.UCoeffRef()[this->cell()] += np0*Spu;
 
        // Update sensible enthalpy transfer
        cloud.hsTransRef()[this->cell()] += np0*dhsTrans;
 
        // Update sensible enthalpy coefficient
        cloud.hsCoeffRef()[this->cell()] += np0*Sph;
 
        // Update radiation fields
        if (cloud.radiation())
        {
            const scalar ap = this->areaP();
            const scalar T4 = pow4(T0);
            cloud.radAreaP()[this->cell()] += dt*np0*ap;
            cloud.radT4()[this->cell()] += dt*np0*T4;
            cloud.radAreaPT4()[this->cell()] += dt*np0*ap*T4;
        }
    }
}
 
 
template<class ParcelType>
template<class TrackCloudType>
Foam::scalar Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::calcHeatTransfer
(
    TrackCloudType& cloud,
    trackingData& td,
    const scalar dt,
    const scalar Re,
    const scalar Pr,
    const scalar kappa,
    const scalar NCpW,
    const scalar Sh,
    scalar& dhsTrans,
    scalar& Sph
)
{
    if
    (
        isType<NoHeatTransfer<typename TrackCloudType::thermoCloudType>>
        (
            cloud.heatTransfer()
        )
    )
    {
        return T_;
    }
 
    const scalar d = this->d();
    const scalar rho = this->rho();
    const scalar As = this->areaS(d);
    const scalar V = this->volume(d);
    const scalar m = rho*V;
 
    // Calc heat transfer coefficient
    scalar htc = cloud.heatTransfer().htc(d, Re, Pr, kappa, NCpW);
 
    // Calculate the integration coefficients
    const scalar bcp = htc*As/(m*Cp_);
    const scalar acp = bcp*td.Tc();
    scalar ancp = Sh;
    if (cloud.radiation())
    {
        const tetIndices tetIs = this->currentTetIndices(td.mesh);
        const scalar Gc = td.GInterp().interpolate(this->coordinates(), tetIs);
        const scalar sigma = physicoChemical::sigma.value();
        const scalar epsilon = cloud.constProps().epsilon0();
 
        ancp += As*epsilon*(Gc/4.0 - sigma*pow4(T_));
    }
    ancp /= m*Cp_;
 
    // Integrate to find the new parcel temperature
    const scalar deltaT = cloud.TIntegrator().delta(T_, dt, acp + ancp, bcp);
    const scalar deltaTncp = ancp*dt;
    const scalar deltaTcp = deltaT - deltaTncp;
 
    // Calculate the new temperature and the enthalpy transfer terms
    scalar Tnew = T_ + deltaT;
    Tnew = min(max(Tnew, cloud.constProps().TMin()), cloud.constProps().TMax());
 
    dhsTrans -= m*Cp_*deltaTcp;
 
    Sph = dt*m*Cp_*bcp;
 
    return Tnew;
}
 
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
template<class ParcelType>
Foam::ThermoParcel<ParcelType>::ThermoParcel
(
    const ThermoParcel<ParcelType>& p
)
:
    ParcelType(p),
    T_(p.T_),
    Cp_(p.Cp_)
{}
 
 
// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * IOStream operators  * * * * * * * * * * * * * //
 
#include "ThermoParcelIO.C"
 
// ************************************************************************* //